抹灰砂漿、抹灰石膏、輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏

　　Plastering mortar, plastering gypsum, lightweight plastering gypsum

　　三種基礎(chǔ)材料區(qū)分

　　Differentiation of Three Basic Materials

　　01

　　01

　　基礎(chǔ)材料不同：

　　Different basic materials:

　　1、抹灰砂漿：基礎(chǔ)材料為水泥、填料、骨料、外加劑。

　　1. Plastering mortar: The basic materials are cement, filler, aggregate, and additives.

　　2、抹灰石膏：基礎(chǔ)材料為建筑石膏、外加劑的氣硬性抹灰材料，分為底層找平石膏和面層找平石膏。底層找平的通常含有集料，面層找平的通常用于飾面或薄層找平。

　　2. Gypsum plastering: The basic material is building gypsum and air hardening plastering material with additives, which is divided into bottom leveling gypsum and surface leveling gypsum. Bottom layer leveling usually contains aggregates, while surface layer leveling is usually used for finishing or thin layer leveling.

　　底層抹灰石膏

　　Bottom plastering gypsum

　　適用于各類內(nèi)墻墻面薄抹灰找平，不適用于潮濕、干濕循環(huán)的位置。

　　Suitable for thin plastering and leveling of various interior walls and surfaces, not suitable for locations with damp or wet dry cycles.

　　性能特點(diǎn):

　　Performance characteristics:

　　1、具有建筑石膏早強(qiáng)、防火、保溫、快干的特點(diǎn)。

　　1. It has the characteristics of early strength, fire resistance, insulation, and fast drying of building gypsum.

　　2、和易性好，施工性能優(yōu)異。

　　2. Good workability and excellent construction performance.

　　3、強(qiáng)度增長(zhǎng)快，可節(jié)省施工時(shí)間。

　　3. The intensity increases rapidly, which can save construction time.

　　4、強(qiáng)度高、不空鼓、不開裂。

　　4. High strength, no hollowing, no cracking.

　　技術(shù)指標(biāo)：

　　Technical Indicators:

　　底層抹灰石膏符合GB/T28627－2012抹灰石膏要求，主要指標(biāo)：

　　The bottom plastering gypsum meets the requirements of GB/T28627-2012 plastering gypsum, and the main indicators are:

　　面層抹灰石膏

　　Surface plastering gypsum

　　適用于各類內(nèi)墻墻面薄抹灰找平，用于勾縫、踢腳、底層抹灰石膏表面的罩面，不適用于潮濕、干濕循環(huán)的位置，不適宜批刮超過5毫米的工程使用。

　　Suitable for thin plastering and leveling of various interior walls and surfaces, used for jointing, skirting, and covering gypsum surfaces on the bottom layer. Not suitable for damp, dry wet cycles, and not suitable for scraping projects exceeding 5 millimeters.

　　性能特點(diǎn):

　　Performance characteristics:

　　1、綠色環(huán)保、無害無毒，粘結(jié)力強(qiáng)，收縮變形小，不掉粉。

　　1. Green and environmentally friendly, harmless and non-toxic, strong adhesion, minimal shrinkage and deformation, and no powder loss.

　　2、和易性好，施工性能優(yōu)異，強(qiáng)度增長(zhǎng)快，可節(jié)省施工時(shí)間。

　　2. Good workability, excellent construction performance, fast strength growth, and can save construction time.

　　3、可修補(bǔ)細(xì)小孔洞縫隙，不開裂。

　　3. Can repair small holes and gaps without cracking.

　　技術(shù)指標(biāo)：

　　Technical Indicators:

　　面層抹灰石膏符合GB/T28627－2012抹灰石膏要求，主要指標(biāo)：

　　The surface plastering gypsum meets the requirements of GB/T28627-2012 plastering gypsum, and the main indicators are:

　　3、輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏：輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏是一種新型的粉刷石膏，它是代替水泥砂漿的新型、環(huán)保、經(jīng)濟(jì)的新型抹灰石膏材料。

　　3. Lightweight plastering gypsum: Lightweight plastering gypsum is a new type of plastering gypsum, which is a new, environmentally friendly, and economical plastering gypsum material that replaces cement mortar.

　　輕質(zhì)石膏砂漿是一種室內(nèi)墻體專用的綠色抹灰材料，也是一款高性能內(nèi)墻基底找平的材料。適用于各類內(nèi)墻墻面基層抹灰找平，但不適用于潮濕、干濕循環(huán)的工程，不適宜貼磚工程的基層找平。

　　Lightweight gypsum mortar is a green plastering material specifically designed for indoor walls, and it is also a high-performance material for leveling the base of interior walls. Suitable for plastering and leveling the base layer of various interior walls and surfaces, but not suitable for projects with humidity, dry wet cycles, and not suitable for leveling the base layer of tiling projects.

　　性能特點(diǎn):

　　Performance characteristics:

　　1、隔熱、吸音、綠色環(huán)保。

　　1. Thermal insulation, sound absorption, and environmental friendliness.

　　2、粘結(jié)力強(qiáng)，不脫落，收縮性小，不空鼓，不開裂。

　　2. Strong adhesion, no detachment, low shrinkage, no hollowing or cracking.

　　3、和易性好，施工方便，落地灰少，操作方便。減少損耗和提高效率。

　　3. Good workability, easy construction, minimal dust on the ground, and convenient operation. Reduce losses and improve efficiency.

　　4、強(qiáng)度增長(zhǎng)快，容易干燥，加快施工進(jìn)度，適合抹灰量大的工程。

　　4. Fast strength growth, easy drying, accelerates construction progress, suitable for projects with large plastering volume.

　　5、具有一定的吸音、隔熱效果，有助于調(diào)節(jié)室內(nèi)溫度和噪音。

　　5. It has certain sound absorption and insulation effects, which help regulate indoor temperature and noise.

　　6、輕質(zhì)、體積密度低，可明顯降低工程成本，減輕建筑載荷。

　　6. Lightweight and with low bulk density, it can significantly reduce engineering costs and alleviate building loads.

　　02

　　02

　　特點(diǎn)不同：

　　Different characteristics:

　　1、抹灰砂漿：具有良好的和易性，容易抹成均勻平整的薄層。

　　1. Plastering mortar: It has good workability and is easy to apply into a uniform and smooth thin layer.

　　2、抹灰石膏：抹灰石膏墻面致密光滑不起灰，無毒、無味、不易空鼓和開裂，有較高的強(qiáng)度而不收縮，外觀典雅，達(dá)到高級(jí)抹灰效果。

　　2. Plastering gypsum: Plastering gypsum walls are dense, smooth, and free of dust, non-toxic, odorless, and less prone to hollowing and cracking. They have high strength without shrinkage, and have an elegant appearance, achieving advanced plastering effects.

　　03

　　03

　　優(yōu)勢(shì)不同：

　　Different advantages:

　　1、抹灰砂漿：

　　1. Plastering mortar:

　　采用分層抹灰的工藝，落地灰多，施工工藝較復(fù)雜，施工周期較長(zhǎng)，施工成本相對(duì)較高，水泥砂漿需要抹灰厚度在20mm以上，抹灰層保溫、隔熱、阻燃、耐久。

　　Adopting the layered plastering process, there is a lot of plaster on the ground, the construction process is complex, the construction period is long, and the construction cost is relatively high. The cement mortar needs to have a plastering thickness of 20mm or more, and the plastering layer should be insulated, heat-insulating, flame-retardant, and durable.

　　2、抹灰石膏：

　　2. Plastering gypsum:

　　環(huán)保：石膏經(jīng)過無害化處理（脫硫等）后，不含可溶性的污染物，使用的無機(jī)凝膠材料、添加劑均為環(huán)保產(chǎn)品，制成的輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏不釋放甲醛等有害物，綠色環(huán)保、安全放心。

　　Environmental protection: After harmless treatment (desulfurization, etc.), gypsum does not contain soluble pollutants. The inorganic gel materials and additives used are environmental protection products. The light plaster gypsum produced does not release harmful substances such as formaldehyde, which is green, safe and secure.

　　抹灰石膏粘接性好，不容易出現(xiàn)空鼓和開裂容易上墻，流動(dòng)性好，容易抹平.落地灰少。

　　Gypsum plaster has good adhesion, is not prone to hollowing and cracking, and is easy to apply to walls. It has good fluidity and is easy to smooth Less dust on the ground.

　　保溫、防火：導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)低、干密度小，具有良好的保溫、防火、隔熱和隔音性能；

　　Insulation and Fire Protection: With low thermal conductivity and low dry density, it has excellent insulation, fire resistance, thermal insulation, and sound insulation properties;

　　適用范圍：抹灰石膏耐久耐用性強(qiáng)。適用于各種磚墻、混凝土墻、砌塊墻、水泥墻（板）、現(xiàn)澆混凝土墻、裝配式內(nèi)隔墻板的內(nèi)墻面抹灰找平及修補(bǔ)。適合做室內(nèi)不遇水和不受潮的墻體抹灰層、找平層，不適合廚房、衛(wèi)生間。不建議在其上貼瓷磚，或批刮剛性較強(qiáng)的膩?zhàn)印?/p>

　　Scope of application: Plaster plaster has strong durability and durability. Suitable for plastering, leveling, and repairing interior walls of various brick walls, concrete walls, block walls, cement walls (slabs), cast-in-place concrete walls, and prefabricated interior partition panels. Suitable for indoor wall plastering and leveling layers that are not exposed to water and moisture, but not suitable for kitchens and bathrooms. It is not recommended to stick tiles or apply putty with strong rigidity on it.

　　3、輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏：

　　3. Lightweight plastering gypsum:

　　作為一種新型內(nèi)墻抹灰材料，輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏將完全代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)水泥砂漿，這從發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏在室內(nèi)墻面找平中占主導(dǎo)地位可窺見一斑。在美國(guó)、德國(guó)、法國(guó)、西班牙、土耳其，輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏占90%份額，水泥砂漿已不到10%；在英國(guó)，輕質(zhì)內(nèi)墻抹灰石膏占椐96%份額。

　　As a new type of interior wall plastering material, lightweight plastering gypsum will completely replace traditional cement mortar, which can be seen from the dominant position of lightweight plastering gypsum in indoor wall leveling in developed countries. In the United States, Germany, France, Spain and Türkiye, light plaster gypsum accounts for 90% of the total, while cement mortar accounts for less than 10%; In the UK, lightweight interior plastering gypsum accounts for 96% of the market share.

　　適用范圍：除衛(wèi)生間，廚房之外、適用于各種磚墻、混凝土墻、砌塊墻、水泥墻（板）、現(xiàn)澆混凝土墻、裝配式內(nèi)隔墻板的內(nèi)墻面抹灰找平及修補(bǔ)。

　　Scope of application: In addition to bathrooms and kitchens, it is suitable for plastering, leveling, and repairing various types of brick walls, concrete walls, block walls, cement walls (slabs), cast-in-place concrete walls, and prefabricated interior partition walls.

　　輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏作為一種新型內(nèi)墻抹灰石膏，除了上述環(huán)保、保溫特點(diǎn)外，輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏還具有以下特點(diǎn)：

　　Lightweight plastering gypsum, as a new type of interior wall plastering gypsum, has the following characteristics in addition to the environmental protection and insulation features mentioned above:

　　高效：輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏作業(yè)面針對(duì)下一道膩?zhàn)庸ば虻拈g隔周期是很短的，效率遠(yuǎn)高于傳統(tǒng)砂漿抹灰。從而為業(yè)主和總包節(jié)省相當(dāng)可觀的時(shí)間和費(fèi)用。

　　Efficient: The interval between the lightweight plastering gypsum work surface and the next putty process is very short, and the efficiency is much higher than traditional mortar plastering. This saves considerable time and costs for both the owners and the general contractor.

　　重量輕、施工面積大、能耗低：同重量下，輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏施工面積是普通抹灰石膏的1.6-1.8倍, 是傳統(tǒng)商品水泥抹灰砂漿粉刷面積的2倍多。可以較大地節(jié)省用量、運(yùn)力及費(fèi)用和生產(chǎn)能耗，從而降低總體造價(jià)。同時(shí)還可以降低建筑負(fù)載總量。

　　Lightweight, large construction area, and low energy consumption: Under the same weight, the construction area of lightweight plastering gypsum is 1.6-1.8 times that of ordinary plastering gypsum, and more than twice that of traditional commodity cement plastering mortar. It can significantly save on usage, transportation capacity, costs, and production energy consumption, thereby reducing overall costs. At the same time, it can also reduce the total load of the building.

　　施工方便：輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏既可以手工抹灰施工，且工人施工相對(duì)普通抹灰石膏更省力，效率更高。也可以通過機(jī)器噴涂的方式進(jìn)行（效率提高約1倍），同時(shí)也是沖筋工藝的首選材料。輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏具有良好的抗裂性，適合墻面進(jìn)行薄抹灰，不同的施工場(chǎng)所對(duì)它的厚度有不同的要求。墻體施工厚度為5~20mm，最小厚度不小于5mm，頂面抹灰總厚度應(yīng)小于10mm。一般來說在家裝工地施工中，它的厚度大多在10mm左右;有的工地施工則是做15mm。

　　Convenient construction: Lightweight plastering gypsum can be manually applied, and workers are more labor-saving and efficient in construction compared to ordinary plastering gypsum. It can also be done by machine spraying (increasing efficiency by about 1 times), and it is also the preferred material for the punching process. Lightweight plastering gypsum has good crack resistance and is suitable for thin plastering on walls. Different construction sites have different requirements for its thickness. The thickness of wall construction is 5-20mm, with a minimum thickness of not less than 5mm, and the total thickness of top plastering should be less than 10mm. Generally speaking, in home decoration construction sites, its thickness is mostly around 10mm; Some construction sites require a thickness of 15mm.

　　上墻效果好：輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏材料構(gòu)成都比較細(xì)膩，上墻效果好。

　　Good wall effect: The lightweight plastering gypsum material composition is relatively delicate, and the wall effect is good.

　　抹灰石膏和輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏，

　　Plastering gypsum and lightweight plastering gypsum,

　　功能相似，那如何選擇呢？

　　How to choose if the functions are similar?

　　我們通常所說的抹灰石膏，一般是重質(zhì)石膏，而輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏通常稱之為輕抹。

　　The plastering gypsum we usually refer to is usually heavy gypsum, while lightweight plastering gypsum is usually called light plaster.

　　骨料不同

　　Different aggregates

　　重質(zhì)石膏和輕質(zhì)石膏兩者骨料不一樣，重質(zhì)石膏骨料是沙子，輕質(zhì)石膏是玻化微珠。玻化微珠作輕質(zhì)填充骨料有絕熱、防火、吸音等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。在建材行業(yè)中，用玻化微珠作為輕質(zhì)骨料，可提高砂漿的和易流動(dòng)性和自抗強(qiáng)度，減少材性收縮率，提高產(chǎn)品綜合性能，降低綜合生產(chǎn)成本。同時(shí)玻化微珠相較沙子還可以因?yàn)楸砻娌；纬梢欢ǖ念w粒強(qiáng)度，而具有耐老化耐候性強(qiáng)和優(yōu)異的絕熱、防火、吸音等性能。

　　Heavy gypsum and light gypsum have different aggregates. Heavy gypsum aggregates are sand, while light gypsum aggregates are vitrified microbeads. Vitrified microbeads as lightweight filling aggregates have advantages such as thermal insulation, fire resistance, and sound absorption. In the building materials industry, using vitrified microbeads as lightweight aggregates can improve the workability and self strength of mortar, reduce material shrinkage, enhance product performance, and reduce overall production costs. At the same time, compared to sand, vitrified microbeads can also form a certain particle strength due to surface vitrification, and have strong aging and weather resistance, as well as excellent insulation, fire resistance, sound absorption and other properties.

　　石膏含量不同

　　Gypsum content varies

　　輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏要求石膏粉含量≥75%，重質(zhì)抹灰石膏要求石膏粉含量≥35%。

　　Lightweight plastering gypsum requires a gypsum powder content of ≥ 75%, while heavy plastering gypsum requires a gypsum powder content of ≥ 35%.

　　技術(shù)性能不同

　　Different technical performance

　　1、密度不同；輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏密度≤1000kg/m3，重質(zhì)抹灰石膏密度＞1000kg/m3。

　　1. Different densities; The density of lightweight plastering gypsum is ≤ 1000kg/m3, and the density of heavy plastering gypsum is>1000kg/m3.

　　2、保水率（%）；輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏保水率≥ 60%，重質(zhì)抹灰石膏保水率≥ 75%。

　　2. Water retention rate (%); The water retention rate of lightweight plastering gypsum is ≥ 60%, and the water retention rate of heavy-duty plastering gypsum is ≥ 75%.

　　3、拉伸粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度；輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏拉伸粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度≥0.3Mpa，重質(zhì)抹灰石膏拉伸粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度≥0.4Mpa。

　　3. Tensile bonding strength; The tensile bonding strength of lightweight plastering gypsum is ≥ 0.3Mpa, and the tensile bonding strength of heavy plastering gypsum is ≥ 0.4Mpa.

　　4、抗壓強(qiáng)度；輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏抗壓強(qiáng)度≥1.5Mpa，重質(zhì)抹灰石膏抗壓強(qiáng)度≥4.0Mpa。

　　4. Compressive strength; The compressive strength of lightweight plastering gypsum is ≥ 1.5Mpa, and the compressive strength of heavy plastering gypsum is ≥ 4.0Mpa.

　　5、抗折強(qiáng)度；輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏抗折強(qiáng)度≥1.0Mpa，重質(zhì)抹灰石膏抗折強(qiáng)度≥2.0Mpa。

　　5. Flexural strength; The flexural strength of lightweight plastering gypsum is ≥ 1.0Mpa, and the flexural strength of heavy-duty plastering gypsum is ≥ 2.0Mpa.

　　輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏具有容重小，施工便捷，好運(yùn)輸，遇水不化，成本低，保溫性能優(yōu)良，強(qiáng)度適中，能夠機(jī)械噴涂等種種特點(diǎn)，是淘汰重質(zhì)粉刷石膏后的又一升級(jí)換代產(chǎn)品。給開發(fā)商和施工單位帶來了福音，給住戶帶來了更加舒適的環(huán)境。輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏與市場(chǎng)上相比，每噸可出面積130㎡/公分，是重質(zhì)粉刷石膏的3倍，大大提高了施工的效率和運(yùn)輸成本。

　　Lightweight plastering gypsum has various characteristics such as low bulk density, convenient construction, easy transportation, non hydration when in contact with water, low cost, excellent insulation performance, moderate strength, and the ability to be mechanically sprayed. It is another upgraded product after eliminating heavy plastering gypsum. Bringing good news to developers and construction units, and providing residents with a more comfortable environment. Compared with the market, lightweight plastering gypsum can produce an area of 130 square meters per ton, which is three times that of heavy plastering gypsum, greatly improving construction efficiency and transportation costs.

　　重質(zhì)粉刷石膏主要以沙子為主，輕質(zhì)抹灰石膏主要以石膏為主，這是從重與輕當(dāng)中的直觀理解，在施工厚度方面重質(zhì)石膏單批次0.6cm左右，施工過厚容易出現(xiàn)下墜，開裂等情況，輕質(zhì)石膏就不一樣了，單次可以達(dá)到1cm左右，同時(shí)輕質(zhì)石膏比較粘稠不會(huì)出現(xiàn)空鼓、下墜等情況。

　　Heavy plastering gypsum is mainly composed of sand, while lightweight plastering gypsum is mainly composed of gypsum. This is an intuitive understanding of the difference between heavy and light. In terms of construction thickness, heavy gypsum can be used in a single batch of about 0.6cm. If the construction thickness is too thick, it is easy to fall or crack, while lightweight gypsum is different. A single batch can reach about 1cm, and lightweight gypsum is relatively viscous and will not cause hollowing or falling.

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