在濟(jì)南，不少業(yè)主裝修時都會遇到這樣的困擾：新房墻面、衛(wèi)生間墻面剛粉刷完，用手輕輕一劃，沙子就簌簌往下掉，用空鼓錘輕敲，甚至?xí)霈F(xiàn)大面積浮砂脫落的情況。據(jù)濟(jì)南本地裝修質(zhì)量檢測數(shù)據(jù)顯示，此類抹面砂漿起砂問題在新建住宅、老房翻新中發(fā)生率高達(dá)42%，其中廚房、衛(wèi)生間等潮濕區(qū)域因基層強(qiáng)度不足，后續(xù)貼磚后瓷磚脫落的風(fēng)險更是攀升至68%，給業(yè)主帶來極大的安全隱患和返工成本。

　　In Jinan, many homeowners encounter this problem when decorating: just after painting the walls of their new houses and bathrooms, with a gentle swipe of their hand, sand will fall down, and with a drumming hammer, there may even be large areas of floating sand falling off. According to local decoration quality inspection data in Jinan, the occurrence rate of sanding in such plastering mortar is as high as 42% in new residential buildings and old house renovations. In damp areas such as kitchens and bathrooms, due to insufficient base strength, the risk of ceramic tiles falling off after subsequent tiling has risen to 68%, bringing great safety hazards and rework costs to homeowners.

　　很多濟(jì)南業(yè)主面對墻面起砂，第一反應(yīng)是網(wǎng)購固沙劑噴涂處理，試圖通過簡單操作解決問題，但不少人忽略了核心痛點(diǎn)：抹面砂漿起砂的根源的是基層本身存在缺陷，而非表面浮砂問題。結(jié)合現(xiàn)場施工經(jīng)驗(yàn)及《建筑抹灰砂漿技術(shù)規(guī)程》要求，濟(jì)南家庭墻面起砂掉沙，主要源于兩大核心原因：一是砂漿配合比失衡，施工時水泥用量不足、砂粒含泥量超標(biāo)（超過3%）或水灰比失控，導(dǎo)致砂漿粘結(jié)力不足，形成“松散狀”基層；二是養(yǎng)護(hù)不到位，砂漿抹覆后未在規(guī)定時間內(nèi)保濕養(yǎng)護(hù)，尤其是濟(jì)南夏季高溫干燥、冬季低溫寒冷的氣候，極易導(dǎo)致水泥水化不充分，砂漿強(qiáng)度無法達(dá)標(biāo)，出現(xiàn)無附著力、一刮就掉的現(xiàn)象。

　　Many homeowners in Jinan, when faced with sanding on their walls, their first reaction is to purchase sand fixing agents and spray them online, trying to solve the problem through simple operations. However, many people overlook the core pain point: the root cause of sanding on the plastering mortar is the defects in the base layer itself, rather than the surface floating sand problem. Based on on-site construction experience and the requirements of the "Technical Regulations for Building Plastering and Mortar", the sanding and sanding of household walls in Jinan are mainly caused by two core reasons: firstly, the imbalance of mortar mix proportion, insufficient cement dosage during construction, excessive mud content in sand particles (exceeding 3%), or uncontrolled water cement ratio, resulting in insufficient bonding strength of mortar and the formation of a "loose" base layer; The second issue is inadequate maintenance, where the mortar is not moisturized and cured within the specified time after application, especially in Jinan's hot and dry summer climate and cold and cold winter climate. This can easily lead to insufficient hydration of cement, failure to meet mortar strength standards, and the occurrence of lack of adhesion and easy scraping off.

　　針對不同區(qū)域的墻面起砂問題，處理方式需區(qū)別對待，盲目使用固沙劑可能埋下更大隱患。對于濟(jì)南家庭客廳、餐廳、臥室等干燥區(qū)域的墻面，若起砂程度較輕，可采用優(yōu)質(zhì)固沙劑噴涂處理，施工后需進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度檢測，用釘子劃擦無脫落、無浮砂，證明基層強(qiáng)度達(dá)標(biāo)后，再進(jìn)行批膩?zhàn)印⑺⑼苛瞎ば颍究蓾M足日常使用需求，無需大面積返工。但需注意，固沙劑僅能解決表面松散問題，無法從根本上彌補(bǔ)砂漿配合比和養(yǎng)護(hù)不足的缺陷，僅適用于干燥、非承重的墻面區(qū)域。

　　The problem of sanding on walls in different areas needs to be treated differently, and blindly using sand fixing agents may pose greater hidden dangers. For the walls of dry areas such as living rooms, dining rooms, bedrooms, etc. in Jinan, if the sanding degree is light, high-quality sand fixing agents can be sprayed for treatment. After construction, strength testing should be carried out, and nails should be used to scratch without falling off or floating sand. After proving that the base strength meets the standard, putty and coating processes can be carried out, which can basically meet daily use needs and do not require large-scale rework. However, it should be noted that sand fixing agents can only solve the problem of surface looseness and cannot fundamentally compensate for the shortcomings of insufficient mortar mix ratio and curing. They are only suitable for dry, non load bearing wall areas.

　　而廚房、衛(wèi)生間等需要貼瓷磚的潮濕區(qū)域，一旦出現(xiàn)起砂掉沙，嚴(yán)禁僅用固沙劑處理后直接貼磚。據(jù)濟(jì)南裝修行業(yè)返工案例統(tǒng)計(jì)，此類區(qū)域若基層強(qiáng)度不足，即便使用高強(qiáng)度粘接砂漿或瓷磚膠，后期仍有60%以上的概率出現(xiàn)瓷磚空鼓、脫落，嚴(yán)重時粘接砂漿層會直接將基層松散砂漿一并帶落，不僅影響美觀，更可能砸傷人員。按照規(guī)范要求，此類區(qū)域需徹底鏟除起砂基層，重新按標(biāo)準(zhǔn)配比調(diào)制抹面砂漿，分層施工并做好保濕養(yǎng)護(hù)，確保基層抗壓強(qiáng)度達(dá)標(biāo)后，再進(jìn)行貼磚作業(yè)，從根源上杜絕脫落風(fēng)險。

　　In damp areas such as kitchens and bathrooms that require tiling, once sanding occurs, it is strictly prohibited to use only sand fixing agents for direct tiling. According to the statistics of rework cases in the decoration industry in Jinan, if the base strength of such areas is insufficient, even if high-strength bonding mortar or tile adhesive is used, there is still a probability of over 60% of tile hollowing and falling off in the later stage. In severe cases, the bonding mortar layer will directly bring down the loose mortar of the base, which not only affects the appearance, but also may injure personnel. According to the regulatory requirements, such areas need to completely remove the sandy base layer, re mix the plastering mortar according to the standard ratio, carry out layered construction and do a good job of moisturizing and curing, ensure that the compressive strength of the base layer meets the standard, and then carry out tiling operations to eliminate the risk of detachment from the root.

　　在此提醒濟(jì)南廣大業(yè)主，抹面砂漿的施工質(zhì)量直接決定墻面使用壽命和居住安全，切勿為了節(jié)省成本、縮短工期，忽視砂漿配合比和養(yǎng)護(hù)環(huán)節(jié)。選擇專業(yè)的施工團(tuán)隊(duì)，嚴(yán)格遵循《建筑裝飾裝修工程質(zhì)量驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》，做好基層處理和后期養(yǎng)護(hù)，才能避免起砂掉沙、瓷磚脫落等問題。若已出現(xiàn)墻面起砂困擾，建議及時聯(lián)系專業(yè)人員檢測基層強(qiáng)度，針對性采取處理措施，避免小問題拖成大隱患，既浪費(fèi)時間成本，又影響居住體驗(yàn)。

　　We would like to remind all homeowners in Jinan that the construction quality of plastering mortar directly determines the service life and living safety of the wall. Do not neglect the mortar mix ratio and maintenance process in order to save costs and shorten the construction period. Choose a professional construction team, strictly follow the "Quality Acceptance Standards for Building Decoration and Renovation Projects", do a good job in grassroots treatment and post maintenance, in order to avoid problems such as sanding and tile detachment. If there is a problem of sanding on the wall, it is recommended to contact professional personnel in a timely manner to test the strength of the base layer and take targeted measures to avoid small problems from becoming major hidden dangers, which not only wastes time and cost but also affects the living experience.

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